Grammar for third Intermediate Grade

Going to :

Future with will :

IF clause

If ( past ( 

Infinitive 

Stative verbs 

Present Perfect

Since & For 

Good Luck

Can for ability

 Can + V ( infinitive without ( s – ed – ing )

 Ex : Sami can read English

 Negative : can't Or can not 

 Ex : Sami can't read English

 Question : Can + S + v ?

 Can Sami read English ? 
 Yes , he can No, he can't %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

Like &Likes + V. ( ing ) 

 Like ( I , They , we , you ) 

 Likes ( He – she – it ) 

 Ex: I like swimming 

 2- Rula likes painting. 

 Question : 

 1- Do+ S + like + V.ing ? S. ( I – They – You - We ) 

 Do you like swimming ? 

 Yes , I do --- No , I don't . 

 Does + S + like + V.ing ? S. ( He – she – it )

 1- Does Rula like painting ? 

 Yes, she does ---- No , she doesn't

 Negative : S + don't + like + v.ing 

 I don't like swimming .

 S + doesn't + like + v.ing 

 Rula doesn't like painting . %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 

2- The present Continuous 

 Am – is – are + V . ing 

 Am ( I )

 Is ( he – she – it ) 

Are ( They – you – we ) 

 1- Safaa is writing the lesson.

 2- I am sleeping early.

 3- They are playing football.

 Yes & No Question : 

 Vetb be ( m – is – are ) + S + V. ing ? 

 1- Is Safaa writing the lesson ? 

 Yes , she is --- No , she isn't.

 2- Are you sleeping early ? 

 Yes , I am ---- No , I'm not . 

 3- Are they playing football ?

 Yes , they are --- No, they aren't.

 Add – ing : 

Write ----- Writing ( we delete ( e ) then add – ing 

 Stop ---- Stopping ( double the last letter then add ing – the verb is from 3 – 5 letters ( consonant – vowel – consonant ) %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 

Past Tense : 

 The verb divided into :

 1- Regular : which ends with ( ed ) in the pat 

 ex: play – played 

 2- Irregular : which has two forms in the present differ from the past 

 Ex : go – went 

Expression for the past tense :

Last ( week -- night -- season -- month -- year ) -- yesterday -- ago -- 1431 ( past date )

 Information Questions with the past tense :

 Where ( place ) When ( time ) What ( thing ) + did + Subject + Verb ( infinitive ) ? Why ( reason ) Who ( person ( S ) Whom ( person ( O ) +did + S + v ( infinitive ) ?

 1- Sami played foot ball with Ali in the playground yesterday 

( Sami ) = Who played foot ball with Ali in the playground yesterday ?

 ( In this question we don't change the verb because we ask about the subject )

 2- ( Football ) What did Sami play with Ali in the playground yesterday? 

 3- ( Ali ) = Whom did Sami play foot ball with in the playground yesterday ? 

 4- ( Yesterday ) = When did Sami play foot ball with Ali in the playground ? 

 5- ( in the playground ) = Where did Sami play foot ball with Ali yesterday ? 
6- I went to the mall to buy a dress 
Why did you go to the mall?

 Negative with past tense ( Didn't + v ( infinitive ) 

 1- Ahmed slept late last night 

 Ahmed didn't sleep late last night

 2- I wrote the story yesterday

 I didn't write the story yesterday. 

 Yes & No questions with ( did )

1-  I read a book two hours ago.

 Did you read the book two hours ago.?

 Yes . I did ----- No , I didn't 

2-  Huda watched TV Last night 

 Did Huda watch T.V last night ? 

Yes , she did ----- No, she didn't 

 Add – ed 

 1- Smile --------- smiled ( we add ( d ) to the verb )

 2- Rent --------- rented ( we add ( ed ) to the verb ) 

3- Play --------- played ( vowel + Y we add ( ed ) without change . 4- Study ------- studied ( consonant + Y we change ( y --- I ) then add ( ed ) 

 5- Stop ----- stopped ( double the last letter then add ( ed ) – the verb is from 3 – 5 letters ( consonant – vowel – consonant ). %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

Countable and uncountable Nouns

Countable : ( S – How many )

Uncountable ( 1 – How much )

Meat – bread – cheese – butter – money – milk – juice – cream --- water --- salt – sugar

Questions with countable :

How many + n ( s ) + do Or does + S + V ?

I have three pens

How many pens do you have ?

2- He needs ten riyals .

How much money does he need ?

Possessive ( Whose + Noun + is ( this –that ) Or are ( these – those )

Possessive Adjectives : my – his – her – its – our – their – your

Possessive Nouns : mine – his – hers – ours – theirs – yours

1- The dress is hers ---- Whose dress is this ?
2- The jacket is his ---- Whose jacket is that ?
3- The books are theirs ---- Whose books are these ?

Asking about ( Size – colour – price )
Size ( large – medium – small – 30 )
1- The dress is large
What size is the dress ?


Colour ( white – red – green ------)
The shirt is white .
What colour is the shirt ?

Price ( 25 riyals )
The shoes are 50 riyals .
How much are the shoes ?

Present Continuous :

( Am – is – are ) + V ( ing )
Ex : Sami is reading a book
2- I am writing the lesson .
3- They are wearing jackets .

Negative :
1- Sami is reading a book .
Sami isn't reading a book.

2- I am writing the lesson .
I am not writing the lesson .

3- They are wearing jackets .
They aren't wearing jackets

Past tense of verb ( Be )
Am --- is ( was ) ( He --- she – it – I )
Are --- were ( They – we – you )

Sami was absent yesterday
Was Sami absent yesterday ?
Yes, he was --- No, he wasn't

2- They were in Jeddah in 2005
Yes , they were --- No , they weren't

Wh – Question with past tense of Verb ( be )
Sami was absent yesterday

Who was absent yesterday ?

( Yesterday ) = When was Sami absent ?

2- They were in Jeddah in 2005

Where were they in 2005 ?

Should ( for advice ) + V ( Infinitive without S – ed – ing )
Negative : should + not = Shouldn't

Salwa has a test . She should study hard
2- Safaa has a weight problem . She shouldn’t eat much food.

Layla has a cough ? What should she do ?
She should drinl lemon with honey

Ali has a chicken pox What should he do ?

He should stay in bed

Direct Object ( D.O ) = which followed the verb
EX: Sami drove the car
D.O : the car

2- Indirect Object ( I.O ) = Which come after the direct object 1- noun or Pronoun
Noun : Maha bought a book for her father ( D.O as a noun )
Pronoun : She gave the book to him .( I.O as a pronoun )

Direct and Indirect Object separated by a preposition
( to – at – from – of – for – in – on – under – past -- …)

Under line the direct object- Circle the indirect object
1- Maha send a postcard to her sister
.2- Suha cooked rice for her grandfather.
3- He took it to his house.
4- Her grandmother put it in the oven
5- The girl told the story to them in the morning
6- He gave money to his sister.
7- Sami buy a it for him from toy shop

Past Tense :
The verb divided into :
1- Regular : which ends with ( ed ) in the pat ex: play – played
2- Irregular : which has two forms in the present differ from the past
Ex : go – went

Information Questions with the past tense :
Where ( place )
When ( time )
What ( thing ) + did + Subject + Verb ( infinitive ) ?
Why ( reason )
Who ( person )

Sami played foot ball with Ali in the playground yesterday >

( Sami ) = Who played foot ball with Ali in the playground yesterday ?
( In this question we don't change the verb because we ask about the subject )

2-( Football ) What did Sami play with Ali in the playground yesterday?

3-( Ali ) = Who did Sami play foot ball with in the playground yesterday ?

4-( Yesterday ) = When did Sami play foot ball with Ali in the playground ?

5-( in the playground ) = Where did Sami play foot ball with Ali yesterday ?

Negative with past tense ( Didn't + v ( infinitive )
1- Ahmed slept late last night
Ahmed didn't sleep late last night
2- I wrote the story yesterday
I didn't write the story yesterday.


Yes & No questions with ( did )
I read a book two hours ago.
Did you read the book two hours ago.?
Yes . I did ----- No , I didn't

Huda watched TV Last night
Did Huda watch T.V last night ?
Yes , she did ----- No, she didn't

Giving orders to do or not to do

Affirmative ( V ( inf )( without s-ed-ing ) + O


1-Go straight to the mosque

2-Cross the road

3-Write on the board

Negative ( Don’t + V (inf) )( without s-ed-ing )+O

1-Don't go straight to the house
2-Don't cross the road .
3-Don't write on the board


Make the following sentences negative:-

1- Use the computer .

2- Write the homework.

3- Sleep late

Preposition of place :على On
على Over
تحت Under
بعد After
قبل Before
قرب Near
بعد Past
Ex :1--Go ( under – on – at ) the bridge and turn right
2- Sunday is ( after – near – before ) Saturday
3-Fish lives ( over – near – under ) the see-
4- Turn left ( under – in - over - on ) Riyadh Road.

should and would

تحميل ملف DIfferences between Should.doc



Differnces between should and would

Reported Speech 1-2

Reported speech
الكلام المباشر والغير مباشر

"sorry , I have to study "
هذه الجمله وردت علي لسان احد الأشخاص لي وعندما أريد أن انقلها لي احد آخر فلا بد من أن أغير فيها بعض التغييرات وهذا هو الكلام الغير مباشر أي أنني انقل كلام شخص الي شخص آخر
والتغييرات التي تحدث هي

1 –نحذف الأقواس
2- نضيف كلمه sayاو says حسب القائل سواء مفرد او جمع
2- نغير الضمائر حسب سياق الجملة وبالتالي الأفعال حسب المفرد والجمع
He says he is sorry . he has to study

"I will call you back later"
She says she will call back later
"We are looking forward to seeing you"
They say they are looking forward to seeing you

هذا بالنسبة للجملة أما بالنسبة للسؤال
هناك نوعين من الاسئله
1- سؤال يبدأ ب do اوdoes
2- سؤال يبدأ بكلمه استفهام

*بالنسبة للسؤال الذي يبدأ ب do أو does فإننا نقوم بالآتي
1- نضيف want to know if أو wander if
2- نحذف do أو does
3- نغير الضمائر حسب سياق الجملة والأفعال حسب المفرد والجمع
Do you have any thing on Monday ?
I want to know if you have any thing on Monday
I wander if ---------------------------------------------

Does she know the place ?
I want to know if she knows the place.

* بالنسبة للسؤال الذي يبدأ بكلمه استفهام
1- نضيف want(s) to know
2-نحول السؤال الي جمله خبريه وذلك بوضع الفعل بعد الفاعل وليس قبله
3- نغير الضمائر حسب سياق الجملة والأفعال حسب المفرد والجمع
What is your favourite dish ?
He wants to know what my favourite dish is
When are you coming for lunch?
He wants to know when I am coming for lunch

الكلام الغير مباشر في الماضي
Reported speech (past)
أولا :- بالنسبة للجملة :-
1- ضيف said to – told
2- نحذف الأقواس
3- نحول الأفعال إلي أفعال ماضيه
4- نحول الضمائر I إلي he
We إلي they

"I live in Riyadh"
He said to me (that) he lived in Riyadh

"We are living in Riyadh"
They told me they lived in Riyadh

ثانيا :- بالنسبة للأمر"-
1- نحذف الأقواس
2- نضيف said to – told
3- نضيف to ثم بعدها فعل الجملة في المصدر وفي النفي نضيف not to
"Play in the play ground"
He told me to play in the play ground

"Don't play in the street"
He told me not to play in the street


ثالثا نقل الطلب :-
1- نضيف asked me to + فعل الجملة في المصدر والنفي نضيف not to

"Please, be quite"
He asked me to be quite

"Please don't talk"
He asked me not to talk

While and When //// Request with modals

While vs. When
Clauses are groups of words which have meaning, but are often not complete sentences. Some clauses begin with the word "when" such as "when she called" or "when it bit me." Other clauses begin with "while" such as "while she was sleeping" and "while he was surfing." When you talk about things in the past, "when" is most often followed by the verb tense Simple Past, whereas "while" is usually followed by Past Continuous. "While" expresses the idea of "during that time." Study the examples below. They have similar meanings, but they emphasize different parts of the sentence.
Examples:
I was studying when she called.
While I was studying, she called.
While + past continuous( was or were +v.ing ) + past simple ( ed ---- irr.v )
While I was studying , She called.

When + past simple ( ed ---- irr.v ) + past continuous( was or were +v.ing )
When she called , I was studying.
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Request with modals:

past
Verb
Can
Could
v.( infinitive )
without any ending
( s—e--- ing )
will
Would
Should
Should
Must
Had to
may
might



الطلب المهذب
Request with modals
الطلب باستخدام الأفعال الناقصة
الموافقة
الرفض
Can you open the door?
Could you close the window?
Would you sit down?
Ok
Sure , no problem( Accept
( Refuse ( Sorry
I'm sorry I cant

Relative Clause

Relative Clause :
We use relative clauses to give additional Information about something without starting another sentence. By combining sentences with a relative clause, your text becomes more fluent and you can avoid repeating certain words.
Relative clauses are often used In both spoken and written English. There Is a tendency to use non-defining relative clauses mostly In written, rather than In spoken, English.


RELATIVE PRONOUNS:
relative pronoun
use
example
who
subject or object pronoun for people
I told you about the woman who lives next door.
which
subject or object pronoun for animals and things
Do you see the cat which Is lying on the roof?
which
referring to a whole sentence
He couldn’t read which surprised me.
whose
possession for people animals and things
Do you know the boy whose mother Is a nurse

Where

for place

When for time

Ramadan is the when muslims fast it
whom
object pronoun for people, especially In non-defining relative clauses (In defining relative clauses we colloquially prefer who)
I was Invited by the professor whom I met at the conference.
that
subject or object pronoun for people, animals and things In defining relative clauses (who or which are also possible)
I don’t like the table that stands In the kitchen.

By + Gerund

By+ Gerund

A gerund Is the –ing form of the verb. It Is used as a noun.A gerund Is used In the same way as

a noun: as a subject or an object ..
Using by to express how something Is done:

Hatim turned on his computer by pushing the button:

To make a question we should follow :

How + helping verb ( do-does-did) + S + V ?

How did Hatim turn on the computer ?

By + gerund Is used to express how something Is done.
Verbs followed by gerunds: V+ V(ING )admit - advise - anticipate - appreciate - avoid -complete - consider -delay - deny - discuss - enjoy - finish - can’t help - keep - mention - mind - miss - postpone - practice - quit - recall - recommend - regret - remember - resent - resist - risk - stop - suggest - tolerate - understand.